Posts tonen met het label Mediakritiek. Alle posts tonen
Posts tonen met het label Mediakritiek. Alle posts tonen

zondag 17 augustus 2014

Verboden Leugens over Jordanië


Gisteren nam ik deel aan een discussie over de "betrouwbaarheid" van jouw "talking heads" in jouw documentaire met enkele zeer ervaren producers, monteurs en regisseurs uit Denemarken, USA en België. Een van hen haalde de documentaire "Forbidden Lies" van Anna Broinowski aan. Deze documentaire gaat over de "hoax" van Norma Khouri, een Jordaans-Amerikaanse vrouw die het boek "Forbidden Love" heeft geschreven dat rond de periode van 9/11 (die van New York, niet die van Chili) is gepubliceerd. Het gaat over haar beste vriendin die tijdens een "honor killing" is vermoord, omdat ze een relatie heeft met een christelijke man. Norma schreef het boek om de aandacht van de internationale gemeenschap op "honor killings in the Arab world" te vestigen. Tijdens het maken van de documentaire geraakt de film maker in een heel netwerk van leugens. Norma lijkt de ene leugen over de andere leugen te leggen. In 2004 publiceerde een journalist bewijzen dat haar verhaal helemaal niet zou kloppen. Ook twee vrouwen uit Jordanië, onder wie een journalist die over vrouwenrechten in haar land schrijft, vinden meer dan 70 details in het boek die niet kunnen kloppen. Norma schrijft in haar boek dat de rivier door Amman, de hoofdstad van Jordanië, loopt, wat geografisch helemaal niet waar is.  Ook zijn er totaal niet zoveel "honor killings" in Jordanië als Norma beweert. De twee Jordaanse vrouwen voelen zich juist beledigd. Vele vrouwen dragen geen hoofddoek, worden niet begeleid door een mannelijk familielid en kunnen doen wat ze willen doen.


Ook al is het niet in de documentaire "Forbidden Lies" expliciet gezegd, maar de producer die deze documentaire ophaalde zei dat dit een mooi voorbeeld is van oriëntalisme en propaganda voor Westers terrorisme en de oorlog in Irak en Afghanistan. "Aangezien het Westen zoveel stereotypen heeft over de Arabische wereld, kwam dit verhaal geloofwaardig over. Zij gebruikte eigenlijk zelfs stereotypen, omdat ze het kan." Er is zelfs een complottheorie dat zij voor de FBI werkte met als opdracht om via media, een vals verhaal, het beeld van een land te doen kantelen naar een negatief daglicht zodat de hele oorlog in het Oosten meer verantwoord zou lijken.

Het doet me denken aan een opmerking van een kennis uit Iran die in België studeert. Wat haar het meest ergerde, waren Westerse feministen die haar vertelden dat zij en andere vrouwen het de Moslimwereld zouden moeten emanciperen.  Gertrude Bell, een Britse schrijfster, wereldreiziger, politica die leefde van 1868 tot 1923,  en die meehielp aan de verwestering van het Midden Oosten (we kijken allemaal uit naar de film "Queen of Desert" van Werner Herzog die in 2015 uitkomt), stichtte de Anti-Suffrage League, omdat ze vond dat een vrouw zelf moet kiezen wat ze wil, en dat niemand, ook geen zogenaamde feministen, een vrouw moet vertellen wat ze moet doen, zeker omdat we niet weten. In feite doet Norma wat vele vrouwen uit het Oosten stoort: outsiders die denken dat ze de waarheid weten, maar alleen de stereotypes zien...

woensdag 6 augustus 2014

Bloedmooi Congo



In het Fotomuseum van Antwerpen bezochten een Deense vriend en een van mijn beste vriendinnen onder andere de tentoonstelling "The Enclave" van Richard Mosse. In een van mijn favoriete magazines was ik onmiddellijk aangetrokken door dit surreële landschapsfoto van Congo, waardoor ik besloot eindelijk eens dit museum te bezoeken.


Hij vond deze speciale techniek waarbij infrarood zichtbaar wordt, dat vroeger door militairen werd gebruikt om gecamoufleerde installaties terug te vinden, dat hij ideaal vond om de conflicten in het Oosten van Congo zichtbaar te maken dat bijna door de internationale media vergeten lijkt. 


De kleuren zorgen voor een andere werkelijkheid, een ander perspectief, tonen onzichtbare dingen... waardoor je wanneer je door de video installatie stapt alleen maar kan zwijgen en kijken. 

https://vimeo.com/67115692

De video installatie zelf is ook indrukwekkend, zeker door de opstelling van de verschillende schermen en de sound design. Ik zei nog tegen mijn vriendin dat Afrika ook aanvoelt als verschillende verhalen, verschillende beelden, die allemaal op je afkomen zodat je in een droom lijkt te voelen. Zowel de inhoud als de ervaring voelden heel herkenbaar aan...  en zij beaamde mijn opmerking. 

Ik weet zelf niet of ik de beelden mooi moet vinden. Misschien is "bloedmooi" wel de juiste beschrijving. Mosse gaat express voor een ervaring van schoonheid, lees ik in verschillende bronnen. "Schoonheid is immers het beste kanaal voor  een mens om te kunnen voelen. Het is het scherpste werktuig in de kist. Ze doen mensen zwijgen en luisteren. Wanneer je menselijk lijden mooi voorstelt - en soms is het dat ook- roept dat ethische vragen op bij de kijker. Het maakt hen verward, boos, ontredderd. En dat is fantastisch, want je wil jouw publiek juist doen nadenken over hoe beelden gemaakt en geconsumeerd worden. "



zaterdag 26 juli 2014

Joden en Arabieren Weigeren om Vijanden te Zijn


Wat mij het meeste pijn doet, nog meer dan #Gazaunderattack of #Israelunderfire is alle haat die over beide volkeren verspreid wordt. Vele mensen kiezen op het web een zijde, terwijl ze niets weten over Gaza of Israel. Ik reageerde al op een commentaar van iemand die wou dat Hitler in de Holocaust geslaagd was, want ook al kies ik geen zijde, ik kan niet tegen generalisatie en verspreiding van meer haat, en zeker als die twee vervat zijn. Israel is niet hetzelfde als elke mens in Israel. Israel in de media betekent de overheid van Israel, en vooral de mensen die de touwtjes in handen hebben, zelfs buiten de regering van Israel. Niet alle Joden zijn hetzelfde. Generalisatie en dualiteit zijn twee van de grootste vergiffen in een maatschappij waarvan mensen bang zijn voor het onbekende.  Een vriendin uit Israel liet me weten dat ze ook niets weet over de Gaza en ook hoopt dat het conflict snel gebeurt. 

Gisteren las ik in de krant dat op de sociale media een spontane actie is losgebarsten waarbij Arabieren en Joden op een foto poseren met de hashtag #JewsandArabsRefuseToBeEnemies



Ik heb onmiddellijk een foto en de hashtag op mijn Facebook en twitter gedeeld,
want in tegenstelling tot alle propaganda die over de hele wereld wordt gestuurd, kan dit wel iets veranderen, want liefde, vriendschap, loskoppeling van wraak, angst en materialisme en empathie zijn in mijn ogen de enige manieren om aan conflicten een einde te maken. 

vrijdag 30 augustus 2013

"She Who Tells a Story"



“I was raised with people trying to tell me what to do and think,” said Newsha Tavakolian, who shoots for The New York Times from Iran. “Now I want those looking at my work to have their own opinions. I don’t want to enforce any ideas or views upon them. They are free.”


"Don't forget this is Not for You (for Sahar Letfi)", 2011
exhibition in Boston,  August 27, 2013 - January 12, 2014

The phrase “She Who Tells a Story” comes from the word rawiya (...). But the exhibit doesn’t tell one story; it tells many. (...) Ms. Tavakolian said that while the exhibit cannot really not change anything about the current situation in Egypt or elsewhere in the region, what it could do is help “provide people with the opportunity to see some different perspectives from the region.”

Please, if you would have the opportunity to visit this exhibition, tell me about it, and if these women really challenge the stereotypes in their region, and tell the different stories, could frame the complex identities in their region. Dank u wel :). Let me now rewrite a short story, I wrote for a film project, but let it us put in another context... 
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White on Paper (retold)

Thousands spirals huddled together. Colors danced and mingled over the entire surface.  In this all, she wandered in this insane play of her mind, a young woman, her skin so brown as the heart of ancient trees, her hair as black as the lonely nights without the caress of the moon, and her eyes as dark as still, but deep waters. In this world she could be as free as she wanted. There were no limitations, no expectations... She could be everyone. She could be a queen. Yes, a beautiful, shining, colorful queen, without any scars, without any ropes, without any fear. An artist. In her hands, an old camera, the one she saw using a tourist, appears. In front of her, a corridor, blinding her eyes with a giant light, appeared, and she decided to meet the source of the light. Something in her mind said this would be a great frame for a movie, or a photograph: her feminine silhouette in the backlight.
There was a man waiting for her. He was not like the men in her village. He was tall, taller than any guy, and his skin was so white as the milk her grandmother's goats produced. He reminded her to this tourist of an Iceland, which visited her village some weeks ago, the same tourist with the same camera in her hands. In the memory he had given her only one glance, which freezed time. She didn't know this stranger. Her mother noticed the short interaction, and had her pulled away, from "this strange behavior". But... now she met him again, in his land of ice and snow. He was the opposite of everything what the desert around, in, under her village was promising her. This time she took pictures of him, expressing her feelings, expressing her desires, expressing who she really is...
until the dream ended.

In the real world, her hairs were covered by the rusari, when she walked through alleys which smell like goat piss and the other perfumes of poverty. Her father allows her to take pictures, which he sells in the capital as postcards to tourists. Her father says she has "an eye", not because he knows something about exposure, the golden mean... but the dodgy publisher for who he works, says it. Her father, who worked as tea maker for a publisher, who had found one day some pictures in his wallet. Nobody, in that company, wonder what the boss was looking for in this wallet. Money shuts mouths. He asked who took these pictures, and her father, who has a talent for knowing what people want to hear, said he took these pictures. Since then her father is tea maker, photographer and also, as second job outside the publisher, vendor of photographs he cannot sell to the paper. She knew this. She could work as photographer, in Iran, if she wanted, but not now... she is a clever girl. Her talent is to know what people don't want to hear. She tells herself she just waits for a moment, when everything will be ok, when her dreams full of colors, and the white papers of the books of her father's boss will mingle.

But this tourist changed everything...

He appeared more often in her dreams. She was almost afraid to fell asleep, because she didn't want to hear her family hear her moaning. 16 year old girls shouldn't have desires...   One morning, when her youngest sister and she were doing the dishes in a bucket outside, her sister confirmed her biggest fear. "Why are you making so weird noises? What do you dream about?"
"I dream about... camels... that I am a camel."
Her younger sister start laughing. "You're so weird."
Weird is better than naughty.
Still, anxious, she took her grandfather's camera, and went into the desert, to calm down there.
Landscapes, impressions...  got an eternal print, but couldn't brand away the image in her mind, of this tall, white man. She stopped, in the middle of nothing.
She raised her hands, and by both her thumb and forefinger of each hand, she made a frame, looking for a picture that would make her happy ... that would set her thoughts free ...
... and he appeared in the frame.
Her arms fell.
Stunned, she stared at the tourist. This is impossible. So... God still exists in this reality? It has to be... because only He could have brought him. This is a sign. These time the glance was longer, long enough to invite her to come. Slowly, she went to him, and although he didn't smile, she came closer and closer, and stopped one meter for him, impressed by his appearance. His eyes are so blue... as ice... She never had seen ice, only in the magazines her father brought home. What happens now? She wants to touch him, and then he also raises his hand, to touch her fingers, but exactly at the moment when her hand palm was going to feel his finger tops, he disappeared in a fata morgana. Afraid - fear for loosing it- she swirl around like a jinn. Where is he? Then she stopped, and understood something every woman one day will realise. Who do I really miss? 
She looked in the sun, not afraid to burn her eyes, and then tried to capture every color of this light with her camera. When her film roll was finished, she sighed. It was just all a dream...

Her father noticed that his daughter looked more sad than she usual was, but he didn't ask her why. Something in him wanted to ask her, hug her, take off this rusari from her head and kiss her black hairs, but there were other men, not so far from them, so he followed her via the door into his own small kingdom, where his queen carries the real scepter.

Three days later, her father faced two upset guys. One of them always developed his film rolls, the other was his boss. They did not understand the reason of the subject, lying on the table between them. The father was so chocked that his talent did not connect with his mouth. Possessed by anger, maybe fear, he took the pictures, and went home, to find his eldest daughter. She was cleaning the windows, and wanted to greet him with a smile, but the devil's laugh in his eye made her freeze. He pulled her inside, and threw the pictures in her face. "What is this?"
Trembling, confused, she took the pictures, and then she saw the most unbelievable. It is magic. 
Then a smile appeared, for a very first time on her dry lips, and she looked up.
"This is who I really am."
Her deepest desire was translated on white paper.
Her story of longing. Her identity. Her search for freedom...
Her dumb and forefinger did not hold pictures showing the sun, but showing him.
Her dreams, full of colors, really mingled with the white paper.
There was hope...
if there is magic in the world. 

donderdag 22 augustus 2013

Introduction


Some years ago I went to Ghana. I was 19, 20... and a bit more naive than I am at the moment. I wanted to explore Ghana, and I found an organization which organizes volunteering work, and decided to combine my wish for adventure with a cause, so I would go there "with a reason".

Ghana was promoted as Africa for beginners, because the people are very friendly, it is a bit more developed (or at least the capital) than most African countries, they speak English... Why I wanted to go to Ghana, is another story that would distract too much the message. Helping people was just a result, to cover the real reasons.

When I arrived in Accra, the capital of Ghana, I was really... shocked. Although I wouldn't call myself a racist, I expected slums, poor people without legs, garbage everywhere, crazy traffic, wild jungle with big trees, human-eating snakes and almost naked people... but I saw big boulevards, people in suits, big buildings...
Later, on that journey, I noticed garbage, poverty... I don't want to deny it, but I still remember how... disappointed I was, holding my cheap camera, and hoping to catch pictures of typical Africa I later could show to whole the world. Later, on that travel, I was embarrassed that African people could talk me under table (* I don't know if this is an English expression). Mother Africa taught me a lot.

Education can be simple. Pre-school where I volunteered, Agona Swedru, Ghana 2009


But... when I came back home, I told people what they expected to hear. I told them about the high toll of deaths in road accidents, about the trotro's, the vans where they try to use every square centimeter by putting as much as possible people it, and the poverty in the slums...
... I didn't tell about the development which was already present. I kept stories hidden. Why? I didn't do it on purpose. Only after talking with other people who went to Africa, following subjects at university like "Development coordination" and "problems of countries in development" by professor Develtere , as part of my study in Geography, maybe by meeting other Africans, by traveling more, and by reading more, even about mythology... I started to become more critical. Which stories, theories... are the right, or are they all right?

One day one of my good friends in Belgium let me watch the TED-speech by Chimamanda Adichie, a novelist from Nigeria, called "The Danger of a Single Story". In this video Adichie warns that if we hear only a single story about another person or country, we risk a misunderstanding. When she told how the media always use the same stereotypes, or "single story" to portray Africa, I time-traveled to that 19-20 year old version of me, who was disappointed that she couldn't take photographs of poor almost naked Africans. I realised  how I was trapped by the media, and worse... that I had seen other "stories" about Africa, and didn't share.

I was not better than all these people who use stereotypes to deny people from a certain country, culture, gender... give a job, an opportunity, because sometimes "these discriminating people" don't know better. I had the tool, namely a simple story, even more simple stories, to tell my environment, but I didn't. In the last months... I realize more and more that I want to tell stories about amazing people, share my experiences in the different cultures, which are not reported, or not told enough... and use media, not as a tool to simplify the truth, but to show the whole, the complexity of the truth... to make more people critical... so more misunderstandings can be avoided. Let us tell stories... to break stereotypes... to break taboos...

... so we can create chances.

A street in Accra, Ghana 2009. People don't look that poor... in this picture.
This is also not the best street. There are streets with really high buildings.
I'll write stories, and I'll do it in English. It is not my mother tongue, but it is my second language, and more important a language which a lot of people in the world can understand. There will be a lot of mistakes, and I am welcome for constructive feedback, or native speaking people who want to correct my English. I also decided to tell stories about heroines, rather than heroes, because I am a woman, but also because I feel they are underrepresented in the world. That is why I call this blog "short stories from the moon", referring to the woman, but also making clear they are different.

I know I'll always offend people, but please also share your opinion, if the story gives you negative thoughts. I love to learn.

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The danger of a Single Story
Chimamanda Adichie

TEDGlobal, July 2009, Oxford, UK, duration: 18:49
http://blog.ted.com/2009/10/07/the_danger_of_a/